CARNATION REVOLUTION OF 25 APRIL 1974
'The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese: Revolução dos Cravos), also referred to as the 25 de Abril, was a left-leaning military coup started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a democracy after two years of a transitional period known as PREC (Processo Revolucionário Em Curso, or On-Going Revolutionary Process), characterized by social turmoil and power dispute between left and right wing political forces. Despite repeated appeals from the revolutionaries on the radio inciting the population to stay home, thousands of Portuguese descended on the streets, mixing themselves with the military insurgents.
Inspired by the pro-independence guerrillas they had been fighting in the Portuguese empire's territories in Africa, a group of Portuguese officers organised in the Armed Forces Movement rose to overthrow the fascist/authoritarian Estado Novo (New State) regime that had ruled Portugal since the 1920s. Portugal's new regime pledged itself to ending the colonial wars and began negotiations with the African independence movements. By the end of 1974, Portuguese troops had been withdrawn from Portuguese Guinea and the latter had become a UN member. This was followed by the independence of Cape Verde, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe and Angola in 1975. The Carnation Revolution in Portugal, also led to Portugal's withdrawal from East Timor in Southeast Asia. These events prompted a mass exodus of Portuguese citizens from Portugal's African territories (mostly from Angola and Mozambique), creating over a million Portuguese destitute refugees - the retornados.
Although the regime's political police, PIDE, killed four people before surrendering, the revolution was unusual in that the revolutionaries did not use direct violence to achieve their goals. The population, holding red carnations (cravos in Portuguese), convinced the regime soldiers not to resist. The red carnation is a symbolic flower for Communism, which was the main ideological tendency of the anti-New State insurgents. The soldiers readily swapped their bullets for flowers. It was the end of the Estado Novo, the longest authoritarian regime in Western Europe, and the final dissolution of the Portuguese Empire.'
Inspired by the pro-independence guerrillas they had been fighting in the Portuguese empire's territories in Africa, a group of Portuguese officers organised in the Armed Forces Movement rose to overthrow the fascist/authoritarian Estado Novo (New State) regime that had ruled Portugal since the 1920s. Portugal's new regime pledged itself to ending the colonial wars and began negotiations with the African independence movements. By the end of 1974, Portuguese troops had been withdrawn from Portuguese Guinea and the latter had become a UN member. This was followed by the independence of Cape Verde, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe and Angola in 1975. The Carnation Revolution in Portugal, also led to Portugal's withdrawal from East Timor in Southeast Asia. These events prompted a mass exodus of Portuguese citizens from Portugal's African territories (mostly from Angola and Mozambique), creating over a million Portuguese destitute refugees - the retornados.
Although the regime's political police, PIDE, killed four people before surrendering, the revolution was unusual in that the revolutionaries did not use direct violence to achieve their goals. The population, holding red carnations (cravos in Portuguese), convinced the regime soldiers not to resist. The red carnation is a symbolic flower for Communism, which was the main ideological tendency of the anti-New State insurgents. The soldiers readily swapped their bullets for flowers. It was the end of the Estado Novo, the longest authoritarian regime in Western Europe, and the final dissolution of the Portuguese Empire.'
My last post is abou the April 25 of 1974, because my individual work was abou dictatorship and I don't talk about it in the work because I wanted to do a post about it in this work.
I search in google the better resume of the revolution of liberty and I found this in wikipédia and I found it the most complete.
The Carnation Revolution was a marche made military people with this flowers to declare de independence of Portugal, it made a big and grate diference in the portuguese people life, womans pass to get more respect and could start to have a job, all te portuguese get out of a dictatorship period and all Portugal get better.
I think that we all portuguese made the difference why can't we make one more time the difference? We have to think one for all, all for one!
This revolution was done because the Portugueses were unhappy with the politics and with the lack of freedom that they had. A great movement for their part.
ResponderEliminarBut nowadays with the unemployment, with the crisis and with the politics with our country meets, perhaps it was a good idea to do another revolution.
By the way nice post Jéssica ;)
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